Functional overreaching and adaptation failure in special operations forces servicemen with varied resistance during intensive loads

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dc.contributor.authorSavenko Andrii
dc.contributor.authorShtefiukb Ivan
dc.contributor.authorOlkhovyi Oleh
dc.contributor.authorPashkov Ihor
dc.contributor.authorChernozube Andrii
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-13T11:09:13Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.descriptionFunctional overreaching and adaptation failure in special operations forces servicemen with varied resistance during intensive loads / A. Savenko, I. Shtefiukb, O. Olkhovyi, I. Pashkov, A. Chernozube // Physical Rehabilitation and Recreational Health Technologies. – 2026. – Vol. 11, No. 2. – P. 84–94.
dc.description.abstract1Purpose. To study the features of manifestations of adaptive and compensatory reactions for assessing the state of functional overreaching against the background of adaptation failure of special operations forces servicemen with different levels of resistance in the process of intensive loads. Material & Methods. 75 special operations forces servicemen (men) aged 25±3.2 years were examined. Previously, the participants were using high-intensity loads with a large volume of work in their units for 3 months. The participants were divided into three groups depending on their units. During the test trials, modes of strength loads of different volumes and intensities were used (R=0.56; R=0.68; R=0.78). To assess the basal level and features of adaptive and compensatory reactions of the examined in response to a stress stimulus, indicators of spectral analysis of heart rhythm and blood biomarkers (creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cortisol) were used. Results. It was established that after the preliminary 3 months of high-intensity training, 50% of servicemen of each unit have a high level of adaptive reserves. Thus, these participants (subgroups 1A, 2A, 3A), by the type of heart rhythm regulation, belong to normotensives, and the studied blood biomarkers are within the reference values. In the other part of the examined, the initial parameters of the tension of the heart rhythm regulation systems were on average 5.4 times higher compared to the opponents, and the basal level of biochemical blood indicators exceeded the upper limits of the reference. Similar results of the studied biomarkers, which were found in the servicemen of the subgroups (18, 28, 3B), indicate a possible state of adaptation failure. It was found that in response to test trials using different load modes, in servicemen of each of the subgroups with adaptation failure, a completely opposite nature of adaptive and compensatory reactions was recorded. A decrease in the level of tension of the heart rhythm regulation systems and VLF power, stability of the cortisol level in the blood, and the absence of enzymes exceeding the reference limit in response to a stimulus indicate the mechanisms of short-term adaptation. The effectiveness of the implementation of short-term adaptation mechanisms was recorded only in servicemen of subgroup 2B (R=0.68) and in representatives of subgroup 1B (R=0.78). In all other cases, a shift in the autonomic balance towards sympathetic activity was recorded against the background of strengthening the central circuit with a simultaneous increase in lactate dehydrogenase and a decrease in cortisol in the blood, which indicates compensatory reactions to the stimulus. Conclusions. It was established that in servicemen, regardless of the peculiarities of their special operations forces units, training system, and even the type of heart rhythm regulation, we simultaneously record both a high level of functional capabilities and a state of adaptation failure. It was investigated that the use of basal parameters of HRV indicators and biochemical blood indicators to determine the state of functional overreaching (FOR) in servicemen of special operations forces units with signs of adaptation failure is insufficient. The identified features of adaptive and compensatory reactions of the body of special operations forces servicemen against the background of adaptation failure to different intensity load modes require a radical correction of the process of optimizing the training system.
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dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2026-05-13T11:09:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Savenko_ Shtefiukb_ Olkhovyi_ Pashkov_ Chernozube: 3781545 bytes, checksum: e316ce772cb2d3a2b4ca391772dec56b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2026en
dc.identifier.issn2522-1906 (Print)
dc.identifier.issn2522-1914 (Online)
dc.identifier.urihttps://eir.nuos.edu.ua/handle/123456789/12770
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectservicemen
dc.subjectfunctional overreaching
dc.subjectadaptation failure
dc.subjectbiomarkers
dc.subjectload modes
dc.subjectresistance level
dc.subjectadaptive and compensatory reactions
dc.titleFunctional overreaching and adaptation failure in special operations forces servicemen with varied resistance during intensive loads
dc.typeArticle

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