Вивчення процесів сорбції та десорбції іонів кадмію (Cd2+) на іоніті КУ-2-8 у кислій формі з мінералізованих стічних вод
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Дата
2019
Автори
Колєгова, А. С.
Трохименко, Г. Г.
Koliehova, Anastasiia S.
Trohymenko, Ganna G.
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Анотація
Abstract. Infiltrating cadmium compounds to the environment comes mainly from untreated wastewater of engineering industry, non-ferrous metallurgy, galvanic industries, etc. Therefore, the main aim of protecting the aquatic environment was to develop and improve waste-free wastewater treatment technologies containing high concentrations of cadmium.
There are many methods of treatment sewage of electroplating manufacture, but their choice depends on the requirements for water quality and methods availability. Ion exchange is one of the promising methods for extracting heavy metal ions from waste galvanic waters.
The aim of the investigation was to study the processes of sorption and desorption of cadmium ions on the KU-2-8 ionite in the acidic form under dynamic conditions. The efficiency of sorption of Cd2+ on the cation exchanger KU-2-8 in H+-form by ion-exchange method from highly mineralized model solutions of sewage and washing waters of metalworking enterprises was investigated in the work. The processes of ionite regeneration from cadmium ions with sulfuric acid were studied and the efficiency of ion exchange for the improvement of waste-free technologies of sewage and flushing water of metalworking enterprises was studied.
Removing cadmium ions was carried out in an ion exchange column containing a 20 cm3 ion exchange resin. The concentration of metal ions was 10–50 meq/dm3. The regeneration of saturated ionite with metals was carried out by 5, 8 and 10% sulfuric acid. The concentration of heavy metal ions, acidity, alkalinity and pH of the medium were controlled in the samples. The sorption results showed that when the sorption of 0.01 n model solution of cadmium sulfate the total capacity of the ion exchanger reached 1808.75 meq/dm3, the sorption of 0.02 n and 0.05 n solution of the total capacity of the ion exchanger reached 2063.75 meq/dm3, 2082 meq/dm3, respectively. The increase in the capacity of the ionite can be explained by the fact that as the concentration of metal cations increases, the capacity also grows.
In general, the results of studies have shown that the use of ion exchange is quite effective for the extraction of heavy metals. The sorption and regeneration efficiency averaged 95%.
The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the sorption of cadmium ions at concentrations of 10, 20 and 50 meq/dm3 was carried out in terms of metal and their desorption of 5, 8 and 10% sulfuric acid from the cation exchanger KU-2-8 in the acidic form. These results can be used in the development of low-waste technologies for the purification of water from cadmium ions, which increases the environmental friendliness of working processes at metalworking enterprises.
Опис
Колєгова, А. С. Вивчення процесів сорбції та десорбції іонів кадмію (Cd2+) на іоніті КУ-2-8 у кислій формі з мінералізованих стічних вод = Research of sorption and desorption processes of cadmium ions (CD2+) on KU-2-8 ionite in acid form from mineralized wastewater / А. С. Колєгова, Г. Г. Трохименко // Зб. наук. пр. НУК. – Миколаїв : НУК, 2019. – № 1 (475). – С. 243–250.
Ключові слова
cadmium ions, heavy metals, cation exchanger, ion exchange, total ion exchange capacity, sewage treatment, іони кадмію, важкі металі, катіоніт, іонний обмін, повна обмінна ємність іоніту, очищення стічних вод